Create Database Manually on Windows
Published by : Obay Salah , November 18, 2024
Before starting, it should be noted that we will be using the Windows operating system.
1- Determine the name of the ORACLE_SID (Instance): There may be more than one Oracle Instance on the same server using the ORACLE_SID variable.
D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0>SET ORACLE_SID=ORCL
2- Create Oracle Service because we are working on the WINDOWS operating system, so we need a Service for each Instance running in the WINDOWS operating system, and we do not need that in the LINUX operating system. In short, it is a SERVICE that is created in the WINDOWS
D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\DB_1>ORADIM –NEW –SID %ORACLE_SID% -INTPWD PASSWORD –STARTMODE M
The creation can be verified through the operating system by going to Services.
3- Create the Parameter File by copying the file from the following path:
D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.0.0\db_1\database\copy init.ora INITorcl.ora
If we are working on a Linux operating system (UNIX), the path will be:
$ORACLE_HOME/DBS
Of course, you need to modify the variables file according to the new data, for example:
CONTROL_FILES = (‘D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\CONTROL01. CTL, D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\OBAY\CONTROL02.CT L, D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\OBAY\CONTROL03.CT L) UNDO_MANAGEMENT = AUTO undo_tablespace = ‘UNDO' DB_NAME = ORCL DB_BLOCK_SIZE = 2918 background_dump_dest = 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\orcl\bdump’ user_dump_dest = 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\orcl\udump' core_dump_dest = 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\orcl\cdump
4- Run the Instance in NOMOUNT mode
5- Now we create the database
create database orcl Logfile group 1 ('D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\redo1.log') size 10m, group 2 ('D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\redo2.log') size 10m, group 3 ('D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\redo3.log') size 10m datafile 'd:\orcl\system.dbf' size 50m AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED extent management local sysaux datafile 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\sysaux.dbf' size ٠١m AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED undo tablespace undo datafile 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\undo.dbf' size 20m default temporary tablespace temp tempfile 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCLtemp.dbf' size 20m default tablespace userdata١ datafile 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\userdb.dbf' size 10m ;
As I mentioned earlier, you can create the database according to your own requirements, not just as mentioned in the above example, but you must create (SYSAUX & SYSTEM TABLESPACE), and if you do not do that, Oracle will create them for you.
If an error occurs while creating the database, the error will be written to the Alert Log file located in the path specified by the variable BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST.
If the message 13010-ORA appears while creating the database, this means that the operating system user is not a member of the ORA_DBA group and must be added to the group.
After creating the database, it can be run in MOUNT mode or opened for use.
6- Create the Data Dictionary: - This is done by running the file in the following path: -
D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\DB_1\RDBMS\ADMIN\CATALOG.SQL
But the file must be run by the SYS user.
We also run the file on the following path:-
D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\DB_1\RDBMS\ADMIN\CATPROC.SQL
This is to create all the structures required to run PL/SQL.
It is not much different when using the UNIX operating system.
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