Database Planning:

One of the most important tasks of a database administrator is database planning. It is impossible to imagine a successful database administrator who does not plan his database in some way. What type of data will we store in each Tablespace? How many Data files will be in each Tablespace? How will the database files be stored physically on the disk? How will the work be done? Backing up the database, how to maintain the database, how to improve the performance of the database and other questions that need to be answered. After that we must determine what memory we need ,The appropriate disk according to the database requirements. In general, these considerations must be taken into account when creating the database.

In fact, the database can be created during the installation of Oracle via the (Oracle Installer Universal (OUI) using the DBCA tool or after installation through the DBCA tool or creating it manually. When creating an Oracle database, the following points must be taken into account:

How many applications are running on the database.

Number of users as we need to put the process variable in the parameter file.

SGA memory space as this memory is required for the Instance to work and it does not accept sharing between more than one Instance, i.e. each Instance has its own SGA memory.

Also the Block Size on which the Row Size depends.

Can the database be closed to make a backup copy.

Plan the tables and indexes in the database and estimate the space you will need.

Properly planning file distribution, database performance can be greatly improved by distributing input and output (I/O) while accessing files, you can distribute I/O in several ways, for example you can put the Redo log files on different disks, and to facilitate this planning task use Oracle Managed Files (OMF), and also use Automatic Storage Management (ASM).

Specify the database name Global Database Name and also Domain by setting the following variables (DB_NAME and DB_DOMAIN).

Choose the appropriate character set, as all data including data in the Data Dictionary is stored by character set, which is the way data is stored in the database.

Consider the time zones supported by the database.

Specify the database block size, which is specified during database creation using the DB_BLOCK_SIZE variable. Some tablespaces, such as the SYSTEM Tablespace, use the standard block size. Additionally, you can specify up to four non-standard block sizes when creating tablespaces. Create a non-SYSTEM Tablespace to store user data to avoid storing objects in the SYSTEM Tablespace.